Immediate First Aid and What to Do Next
Understanding the Urgency: In India, a dog bite or even a deep scratch from a stray dog is a medical emergency. The primary concern is not just the wound itself, but the risk of rabies, a viral disease that is almost always fatal if not treated immediately after exposure. Knowing the right first aid and acting swiftly can save a life.
Immediate First Aid: The “Clean, Cover, and Calm” Rule
The first few minutes are critical. The goal is to reduce the risk of infection, especially from rabies.
- Clean the Wound Immediately and Thoroughly:
- Use soap and plenty of running water to wash the wound for at least 15 minutes. This is the most crucial step. Do not scrub the wound.
- This helps to flush out the virus and bacteria.
- Apply a Disinfectant:
- After washing, apply a disinfectant like povidone-iodine or a similar antiseptic solution.
- Cover the Wound Loosely:
- Cover the wound with a clean, sterile dressing or a bandage.
- Do not wrap it tightly, as this can trap bacteria.
- Stay Calm and Reassure:
- Reassure the person who was bitten, especially if it’s a child. A calm response helps them remain still and cooperate with the first aid.
Next Steps: When to Seek Professional Medical Help
After first aid, immediate medical attention is non-negotiable, even if the wound seems minor.
- Call Veer Emergency Care:
- Open the Veer Emergency Care app or call our emergency line. Our team can guide you on the nearest hospital with an anti-rabies vaccination center and can dispatch a first responder.
- Go to the Hospital Immediately:
- Get to a hospital or clinic with a rabies treatment facility as soon as possible.
- Provide Information to the Doctor:
- Inform the doctor about the incident and the condition of the dog (stray or pet).
- If possible, describe the dog’s behavior.
- Start the Anti-Rabies Treatment:
- The doctor will assess the wound and decide on the necessary treatment, which may include a series of anti-rabies vaccines (known as post-exposure prophylaxis) and a tetanus shot.
- If the wound is deep or severe, they may also administer rabies immunoglobulin directly into and around the wound. This provides immediate, temporary protection.
- Do NOT Ignore the Wound:
- Never assume a wound is too small to require a vaccine. Even a scratch can transmit the virus.
- Do NOT apply spices, herbs, or other home remedies to the wound.
Remember: Rabies is 100% preventable with a vaccine, but almost 100% fatal without it. Immediate and correct first aid followed by a professional medical visit is the only way to ensure safety. Veer Emergency Care is here to provide critical pre-ambulance guidance and assistance in Bangalore during these emergencies.